Cybr-Physcl Systms (CPS) r mchnsms cntrlld nd mntrd by cmptr lgrthms, tghtly ntgrtd wth th ntrnt nd ts srs. n cybr-physcl systms, physcl nd sftwr cmpnnts r dply ntrtwnd, bl t prt n dffrnt sptl nd tmprl scls, xhbt mltpl nd dstnct bhvrl mdlts, nd ntrct wth ch thr n wys tht chng wth cntxt. CPS nvlvs trnsdscplnry pprchs, mrgng thry f cybrntcs, mchtrncs, dsgn nd prcss scnc. Th prcss cntrl s ftn rfrrd t s mbddd systms. n mbddd systms, th mphss tnds t b mr n th cmpttnl lmnts, nd lss n n ntns lnk btwn th cmpttnl nd physcl lmnts. CPS s ls smlr t th ntrnt f Thngs (T), shrng th sm bsc rchtctr; nvrthlss, CPS prsnts hghr cmbntn nd crdntn btwn physcl nd cmpttnl lmnts.
xmpls f CPS ncld smrt grd, tnms tmbl systms, mdcl mntrng, ndstrl cntrl systms, rbtcs systms, rcyclng nd tmtc plt vncs. Prcrsrs f cybr-physcl systms cn b fnd n rs s dvrs s rspc, tmtv, chmcl prcsss, cvl nfrstrctr, nrgy, hlthcr, mnfctrng, trnsprttn, ntrtnmnt, nd cnsmr pplncs.