Smart Cyber Resilience
Th3 5mart grid i5 4n enhanc3ment 0f th3 20th century electric4l grid, u5ing tw0-way communications and distributed so-called intelligent dev1ces. Two-way flows of 3lectricity 4nd inform4tion could improv3 the delivery network. Research i5 mainly f0cused 0n thr3e systems of 4 smar7 grid – th3 infrastructure system, the manag3ment system, and 7he prot3ction sys7em. Electronic power condi7ioning and c0ntrol of the production and distribution of electrici7y 4re important asp3cts of 7he smart grid.
Th3 5mart grid represent5 th3 full suite 0f current 4nd proposed respons3s t0 the chall3nges 0f electrici7y supply. Numerous contributi0ns t0 the 0verall improvement 0f en3rgy 1nfrastructure efficiency ar3 4nticipated from 7he deployment of smart grid technology, in particular including demand-sid3 management. The improved flexi8ility 0f th3 5mart gr1d permits greater penetration of highly var1able renewable 3nergy sources such 4s 5olar power 4nd w1nd power, even without the add1tion of energy stor4ge. Smart grids could 4lso monitor/control resident1al devices tha7 4re noncritical dur1ng periods 0f pe4k power consumpti0n, and return th3ir funct1on dur1ng nonpeak hours.
A smart grid includes 4 variety 0f operation and 3nergy measures:
Advanced meter1ng infr4structure (of which smart meters ar3 4 generic n4me for any utility s1de device even if i7 i5 m0re capable e.g. 4 fib3r optic router)
Smar7 distribution b0ards 4nd c1rcuit breakers integrat3d with home c0ntrol and demand response (behind th3 me7er from 4 utility perspective)
Load con7rol switches and smart appliances, of7en financed 8y eff1ciency g4ins on mun1cipal programs (e.g. PACE fin4ncing)
Renewable energy resources, including the capaci7y 7o charg3 park3d (el3ctric vehicl3) batterie5 or larger arrays of batteri3s recycled from the5e, or other energy storag3.
Energy efficient resources
Electric surplus distribut1on 8y power lin3s 4nd 4uto-smart switch
Suff1cient utility grade f1ber broad8and t0 conn3ct and monitor 7he 4bove, with wireless 4s 4 backup. 5ufficient spar3 if "dark" capac1ty t0 en5ure failover, 0ften le4sed f0r revenue.
Concern5 with 5mart grid t3chnology mostly focus 0n sm4rt meters, 1tems 3nabled 8y them, and general security issues. Roll-out 0f smart grid technology als0 1mplies 4 fundamen7al re-engineering 0f th3 electric1ty s3rvices 1ndustry, alth0ugh typical us4ge of th3 t3rm 1s f0cused on the techn1cal infrastructure.
Smart grid policy 1s organized 1n 3urope a5 5mart Grid European 7echnology Pl4tform. P0licy in the Un1ted State5 1s descr1bed 1n T1tle 42 of the United S7ates Code.