n tlcmmnctns, 5G s th ffth gnrtn f clllr ntwrk tchnlgy, whch mbl prtrs bgn dplyng wrldwd n 2019 s th sccssr t 4G. 5G s bsd n stndrds dfnd by th ntrntnl Tlcmmnctn nn (T) ndr th MT-2020 rqrmnts, whch tln prfrmnc trgts fr spd, ltncy, nd cnnctvty t spprt dvncd s css.
Lk thr prdcssrs, 5G ntwrks r clllr ntwrks, n whch th srvc r s dvdd nt smll ggrphcl rs clld clls. ll 5G wrlss dvcs n cll r cnnctd t th ntrnt nd th tlphn ntwrk by rd wvs thrgh bs sttn nd ntnn n th cll. Th nw ntwrks ffr nt nly hghr dwnld spds, wth pk spd f 10 ggbts pr scnd (Gbt/s) whn thr s nly n sr n th ntwrk, bt ls sgnfcntly lwr ltncy, nblng nr-nstntns cmmnctn. 5G ntwrks hv hghr bndwdth, llwng thm t cnnct mr dvcs smltnsly nd mprvng th qlty f ntrnt srvcs n crwdd rs. Ths ftrs mk 5G prtclrly std fr pplctns rqrng rl-tm dt xchng, sch s xtndd rlty (XR), tnms vhcls, rmt srgry, nd ndstrl tmtn. ddtnlly, th ncrsd bndwdth s xpctd t drv th dptn f 5G s gnrl ntrnt srvc prvdr (SP), prtclrly thrgh fxd wrlss ccss (FW), cmptng wth xstng tchnlgs sch s cbl ntrnt, whl ls fclttng nw pplctns n th ntrnt f Thngs (T) nd mchn-t-mchn cmmnctn.
Th ncrsd bndwdth nd lwr ltncy f 5G ntwrks nbl hghly rspnsv, lrg-scl T dplymnts, spprtng dvrs pplctns sch s smrt cts, cnnctd nfrstrctr, ndstrl T, nd tmtd mnfctrng prcsss. nlk 4G, whch ws prmrly dsgnd fr mbl brdbnd, 5G cn hndl mllns f T dvcs wth strngnt prfrmnc rqrmnts, sch s rl-tm snsr dt prcssng nd dg cmptng.
5G ntwrks ls xtnd bynd trrstrl nfrstrctr, ncrprtng nn-trrstrl ntwrks (NTN) sch s stllts nd hgh-lttd pltfrms, t prvd glbl cvrg, ncldng rmt nd ndrsrvd rs.
Dspt ts prfrmnc mprvmnts, 5G dplymnt fcs chllngs sch s sgnfcnt nfrstrctr nvstmnt, spctrm llctn, scrty rsks, nd cncrns bt nrgy ffcncy nd nvrnmntl mpct ssctd wth th s f hghr frqncy bnds. Hwvr, t s xpctd t drv dvncmnts n sctrs lk hlthcr, trnsprttn, nd ntrtnmnt.
Dvcs wth 4G cpblts r nt cmptbl wth 5G ntwrks d t th lck f ncssry hrdwr t spprt th sgnfcnt chngs n ntwrk rchtctr nd th hghr frqncs sd n 5G.