n tmtd nlysr s mdcl lbrtry nstrmnt dsgnd t msr vrs sbstncs nd thr chrctrstcs n nmbr f blgcl smpls qckly, wth mnml hmn ssstnc. Ths msrd prprts f bld nd thr flds my b sfl n th dgnss f dss.
Phtmtry s th mst cmmn mthd fr tstng th mnt f spcfc nlyt n smpl. n ths tchnq, th smpl ndrgs rctn t prdc clr chng. Thn, phtmtr msrs th bsrbnc f th smpl t ndrctly msr th cncntrtn f nlyt prsnt n th smpl. Th s f n n-slctv lctrd (S) s nthr cmmn nlytcl mthd tht spcfclly msrs n cncntrtns. Ths typclly msrs th cncntrtns f sdm, clcm r ptssm prsnt n th smpl.
Thr r vrs mthds f ntrdcng smpls nt th nlysr. Tst tbs f smpls r ftn ldd nt rcks. Ths rcks cn b nsrtd drctly nt sm nlysrs r, n lrgr lbs, mvd lng n tmtd trck. Mr mnl mthds ncld nsrtng tbs drctly nt crclr crsls tht rtt t mk th smpl vlbl. Sm nlysrs rqr smpls t b trnsfrrd t smpl cps. Hwvr, th nd t prtct th hlth nd sfty f lbrtry stff hs prmptd mny mnfctrrs t dvlp nlysrs tht ftr clsd tb smplng, prvntng wrkrs frm drct xpsr t smpls. Smpls cn b prcssd sngly, n btchs, r cntnsly.
Th tmtn f lbrtry tstng ds nt rmv th nd fr hmn xprts (rslts mst stll b vltd by mdcl tchnlgsts nd thr qlfd clncl lbrtry prfssnls), bt t ds s cncrns bt rrr rdctn, stffng cncrns, nd sfty.