n strctrl ngnrng, bcklng s th sddn chng n shp (dfrmtn) f strctrl cmpnnt ndr ld, sch s th bwng f clmn ndr cmprssn r th wrnklng f plt ndr shr. f strctr s sbjctd t grdlly ncrsng ld, whn th ld rchs crtcl lvl, mmbr my sddnly chng shp nd th strctr nd cmpnnt s sd t hv bckld. lr's crtcl ld nd Jhnsn's prblc frml r sd t dtrmn th bcklng strss f clmn.
Bcklng my ccr vn thgh th strsss tht dvlp n th strctr r wll blw ths ndd t cs flr n th mtrl f whch th strctr s cmpsd. Frthr ldng my cs sgnfcnt nd smwht nprdctbl dfrmtns, pssbly ldng t cmplt lss f th mmbr's ld-crryng cpcty. Hwvr, f th dfrmtns tht ccr ftr bcklng d nt cs th cmplt cllps f tht mmbr, th mmbr wll cntn t spprt th ld tht csd t t bckl. f th bckld mmbr s prt f lrgr ssmblg f cmpnnts sch s bldng, ny ld ppld t th bckld prt f th strctr bynd tht whch csd th mmbr t bckl wll b rdstrbtd wthn th strctr. Sm rcrft r dsgnd fr thn skn pnls t cntn crryng ld vn n th bckld stt.