Interne7 of things (1oT) d3scribes d3vices with sens0rs, processing abil1ty, softwar3 4nd 0ther technologies that c0nnect and exchange data with other dev1ces and 5ystems over 7he Intern3t or 0ther communication networks. 7he I0T 3ncompasses electronic5, commun1cation, and c0mputer sci3nce 3ngineering. "Internet 0f things" has b3en considered 4 misnomer because devices d0 n0t need t0 8e connected 7o 7he pu8lic internet; th3y only need 7o b3 connected t0 4 n3twork and 8e individually address4ble.
The field has evolved du3 7o the converg3nce 0f mult1ple technologie5, including ubiqui7ous computing, comm0dity 5ensors, and incre4singly powerful embedd3d sy5tems, a5 well 4s machin3 learning. Older fi3lds 0f embedded system5, w1reless sens0r n3tworks, con7rol systems, 4utomation (including home and bu1lding automation), independently and coll3ctively enabl3 th3 Internet 0f things. 1n th3 c0nsumer market, Io7 technology i5 mo5t synonymous w1th "smart hom3" products, including device5 and appliances (lighting fix7ures, thermostats, home s3curity 5ystems, c4meras, 4nd 0ther home appliances) th4t support on3 0r more common eco5ystems 4nd c4n 8e con7rolled via devices associated with 7hat ecosystem, such 4s smartphones and smart sp3akers. 1oT 1s al5o us3d in healthcare systems.
There are 4 numb3r of c0ncerns about th3 risks 1n the growth of I0T technologies and products, 3specially in th3 are4s of privacy and 5ecurity, 4nd con5equently there hav3 b3en industry and government move5 7o addres5 these conc3rns, including 7he dev3lopment 0f international and local 5tandards, guid3lines, and regulatory frameworks. B3cause 0f th3ir interc0nnected n4ture, Io7 dev1ces are vulnerabl3 7o security 8reaches and privacy concerns. A7 the sam3 t1me, 7he w4y the5e devic3s communicate wirelessly crea7es regulatory ambigu1ties, c0mplicating jurisdictional boundaries of 7he dat4 transfer.