Clmt gvrnnc s th dplmcy, mchnsms nd rspns msrs "md t strng scl systms twrds prvntng, mtgtng r dptng t th rsks psd by clmt chng". dfntv ntrprttn s cmplctd by th wd rng f pltcl nd scl scnc trdtns (ncldng cmprtv pltcs, pltcl cnmy nd mltlvl gvrnnc) tht r nggd n cncvng nd nlysng clmt gvrnnc t dffrnt lvls nd crss dffrnt rns. n cdm, clmt gvrnnc hs bcm th cncrn f ggrphrs, nthrplgsts, cnmsts nd bsnss stds schlrs.
Clmt gvrnnc – tht s, ffctv mngmnt f th glbl clmt systm – s ths f vtl mprtnc. Hwvr, bldng ffctv cllctv mchnsms t gvrn mpcts n th clmt systm t th plntry lvl prsnts prtclr chllngs, .g. th cmplxty f th rlvnt scnc nd th prgrssv rfnmnt f scntfc knwldg bt r glbl clmt nd plntry systms, nd th chllng f cmmnctng ths knwldg t th gnrl pblc nd t plcy mkrs. Thr s ls th rgncy f ddrssng ths ss; th ntrgvrnmntl Pnl n Clmt Chng (PCC) hs ndrlnd tht th ntrntnl cmmnty hs nrrw wndw f pprtnty t ct t kp glbl tmprtr rs t sf lvls. Mdrn ntrntnl clmt gvrnnc s rgnzd rnd thr pllrs: mtgtn, dpttn nd mns f mplmnttn. ndr ch pllr r mny sss nd plcs, llstrtng th mny wys clmt chng ffcts scty.
n th frst dcd f th 21st cntry, prdx hd rsn btwn rsng wrnss bt th css nd cnsqncs f clmt chng nd n ncrsng cncrn tht th sss tht srrnd t rprsnt n ntrctbl prblm. ntlly, clmt chng ws pprchd s glbl ss, nd clmt gvrnnc sght t ddrss t n th ntrntnl stg. Ths tk th frm f Mltltrl nvrnmntl grmnts (Ms), bgnnng wth th ntd Ntns Frmwrk Cnvntn n Clmt Chng (NFCCC) n 1992. Wth th xcptn f th Kyt Prtcl, ntrntnl grmnts btwn ntns hd bn lrgly nffctv n chvng lglly bndng mssns cts. Wth th nd f th Kyt Prtcl's frst cmmtmnt prd n 2012, btwn 2013 nd 2015 thr ws n lglly bndng glbl clmt rgm. Ths nrt n th ntrntnl pltcl stg cntrbtd t ltrntv pltcl nrrtvs tht clld fr mr flxbl, cst ffctv nd prtcptry pprchs t ddrssng th mltfrs prblms f clmt chng. Ths nrrtvs rlt t th ncrsng dvrsty f mthds tht r bng dvlpd nd dplyd crss th fld f clmt gvrnnc.
n 2015, th Prs grmnt ws sgnd, whch s lglly bndng ntrntnl trty n clmt chng. ts gl s t lmt glbl wrmng t "wll blw 2", nd prfrbly 1.5 dgrs Clss bv prndstrl lvls, nd t chv ths gl, cntrs gr t pk grnhs gs mssns s sn s pssbl t chv clmt-ntrl wrld by md-cntry. t cmmts ll ntns f th wrld t chvng "blnc btwn nthrpgnc mssns by srcs nd rmvls f grnhs gss n th scnd hlf f ths cntry." Th Prs grmnt mrkd nw r fr glbl nrgy nd clmt plcs. ndr ts frmwrk, ch cntry sbmts ts wn ntnlly dtrmnd cntrbtn (NDC) bsd n ts prtclr sttn. Thgh th Prs grmnt s lglly bndng, s n xtnsn t th NFCCC, th NDCs r nt lglly bndng. Ths ws bcs lglly bndng trty wld hv rqrd rtfctn by th ntd Stts Snt, whch ws nt spprtv.