Flexible Backup

Th nt-nclr mvmnt s scl mvmnt tht ppss vrs nclr tchnlgs. Sm drct ctn grps, nvrnmntl mvmnts, nd prfssnl rgnstns hv dntfd thmslvs wth th mvmnt t th lcl, ntnl, r ntrntnl lvl. Mjr nt-nclr grps ncld Cmpgn fr Nclr Dsrmmnt, Frnds f th rth, Grnpc, ntrntnl Physcns fr th Prvntn f Nclr Wr, Pc ctn, Snc Wmn's ncmpmnt fr Ftr f Pc nd Jstc nd th Nclr nfrmtn nd Rsrc Srvc. Th ntl bjctv f th mvmnt ws nclr dsrmmnt, thgh snc th lt 1960s ppstn hs ncldd th s f nclr pwr. Mny nt-nclr grps pps bth nclr pwr nd nclr wpns. Th frmtn f grn prts n th 1970s nd 1980s ws ftn drct rslt f nt-nclr pltcs. Scntsts nd dplmts hv dbtd nclr wpns plcy snc bfr th tmc bmbngs f Hrshm nd Ngsk n 1945. Th pblc bcm cncrnd bt nclr wpns tstng frm bt 1954, fllwng xtnsv nclr tstng. n 1963, mny cntrs rtfd th Prtl Tst Bn Trty whch prhbtd tmsphrc nclr tstng. Sm lcl ppstn t nclr pwr mrgd n th rly 1960s, nd n th lt 1960s sm mmbrs f th scntfc cmmnty bgn t xprss thr cncrns. n th rly 1970s, thr wr lrg prtsts bt prpsd nclr pwr plnt n Wyhl, Wst Grmny. Th prjct ws cnclld n 1975 nd nt-nclr sccss t Wyhl nsprd ppstn t nclr pwr n thr prts f rp nd Nrth mrc. Nclr pwr bcm n ss f mjr pblc prtst n th 1970s nd whl ppstn t nclr pwr cntns, ncrsng pblc spprt fr nclr pwr hs r-mrgd vr th lst dcd n lght f grwng wrnss f glbl wrmng nd rnwd ntrst n ll typs f cln nrgy (s th Pr-nclr mvmnt). prtst gnst nclr pwr ccrrd n Jly 1977 n Blb, Spn, wth p t 200,000 ppl n ttndnc. Fllwng th Thr Ml slnd ccdnt n 1979, n nt-nclr prtst ws hld n Nw Yrk Cty, nvlvng 200,000 ppl. n 1981, Grmny's lrgst nt-nclr pwr dmnstrtn tk plc t prtst gnst th Brkdrf Nclr Pwr Plnt wst f Hmbrg; sm 100,000 ppl cm fc t fc wth 10,000 plc ffcrs. Th lrgst prtst ws hld n 12 Jn 1982, whn n mlln ppl dmnstrtd n Nw Yrk Cty gnst nclr wpns. 1983 nclr wpns prtst n Wst Brln hd bt 600,000 prtcpnts. n My 1986, fllwng th Chrnbyl dsstr, n stmtd 150,000 t 200,000 ppl mrchd n Rm t prtst gnst th tln nclr prgrm. n strl nns, pc ctvsts nd nvrnmntlsts ppsd rnm mnng frm th 1970s nwrds nd rlls brngng tgthr hndrds f thsnds f ppl t pps nclr wpns pkd n th md- 1980s. n th S, pblc ppstn prcdd th shtdwn f th Shrhm, Ynk Rw, Mllstn 1, Rnch Sc, Mn Ynk, nd mny thr nclr pwr plnts. Fr mny yrs ftr th 1986 Chrnbyl dsstr, nclr pwr ws ff th plcy gnd n mst cntrs, nd th nt-nclr pwr mvmnt smd t hv wn ts cs, s sm nt-nclr grps dsbndd. n th 2000s, hwvr, fllwng pblc rltns ctvts by th nclr ndstry, dvncs n nclr rctr dsgns, nd cncrns bt clmt chng, nclr pwr sss cm bck nt nrgy plcy dscssns n sm cntrs. Th 2011 Fkshm nclr ccdnt sbsqntly ndrmnd th nclr pwr ndstry's prpsd rnssnc nd rvvd nclr ppstn wrldwd, pttng gvrnmnts n th dfnsv. s f 2016, cntrs sch s strl, str, Dnmrk, Grc, Mlys, Nw Zlnd, nd Nrwy hv n nclr pwr sttns nd rmn ppsd t nclr pwr. Grmny, tly, Spn, nd Swtzrlnd r phsng-t nclr pwr. Swdn frmrly hd nclr phs-t plcy, mng t nd nclr pwr gnrtn n Swdn by 2010. n 5 Fbrry 2009, th Gvrnmnt f Swdn nnncd n grmnt llwng fr th rplcmnt f xstng rctrs, ffctvly ndng th phs-t plcy. Glblly, th nmbr f prbl rctrs rmns nrly th sm vr th lst 30 yrs, nd nclr lctrcty prdctn s stdly grwng ftr th Fkshm dsstr.