Prtfl ptmztn s th prcss f slctng n ptml prtfl (sst dstrbtn), t f st f cnsdrd prtfls, ccrdng t sm bjctv. Th bjctv typclly mxmzs fctrs sch s xpctd rtrn, nd mnmzs csts lk fnncl rsk, rsltng n mlt-bjctv ptmztn prblm. Fctrs bng cnsdrd my rng frm tngbl (sch s ssts, lblts, rnngs r thr fndmntls) t ntngbl (sch s slctv dvstmnt).